Biblical Flood Story Vs. Gilgamesh Flood - 1981 Words

Biblical Flood Story versus Gilgamesh Flood Story The Biblical Flood story and the Gilgamesh Flood story include similarities and differences. There are two versions we know of the flood story in Babylonian literature, and both have different hero’s in each, although the cause of each flood is different. I will prove that I understand the task at hand by reading both of the stories, and taking it apart piece by piece to understand it in a whole. By doing this, I am able to know what I am reading and what the reading is trying to say. I will show how to sum up the ideology of the flood in the different versions and understand how the biblical story has transformed the Gilgamesh myth in meaningful ways. Stephanie Dalley enlightens that, â€Å"The Epic of Gilgamesh is the longest and greatest literary composition written in cuneiform Akkadian† (39). It is an epic poem from ancient Mesopotamia (2100 BC). Many scholars believe that the flood myth was added to the Tablet XI, which was created in the 7th century BCE. This literary composition is considered an epic because of the features that the heroic figure carries. The Epic is about a heroic quest for the fame and immortality, â€Å"pursued by a man who has an enormous capacity for friendship, for endurance and adventure, for joy and sorrow, a man of strength, and weakness who loses a unique opportunity the epic provides for tracing earlier, independent folk-tales†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Dalley 39). It was not clear for awhile if the character, GilgameshShow MoreRelatedThe Epic of Gilgamesh vs. the Biblical Flood Story Essay732 Words   |  3 PagesComparative Essay In the ‘Epic of Gilgamesh’ and ‘The Biblical Flood Story’ have a very similar plot line, but many several key differences. In both stories a flood occurs, which were caused by the God/s( This shows that in Gilgamesh they were polytheistic while in the Biblical version they were monotheistic. ) to destroy the people of the earth. For both flood stories, a specific person is chosen to build an arc but for different reasons. In the Biblical story, Noah builds the arc due to his righteousRead MoreEssay on Gilgamesh vs. Genesis1436 Words   |  6 PagesGilgamesh vs. Genesis In our society, which is overwhelmingly Judeo-Christian, students often find it difficult to compare Bible stories with tales from other cultures, because our own belief system is wrapped up in the prior, and it is hard for many of us to go against our traditional faith to evaluate them objectively. But in a comparison of the Biblical book of Genesis with the ancient Sumerian text, Epic of Gilgamesh, many parallels suggest that the same type of spiritualRead MoreBiblical Vs. Classical Phenomenon2078 Words   |  9 PagesBiblical vs. Classical Phenomenon Throughout the semester, we have analyzed various texts that constitute some of the most important publications in the history of humankind. These myths and legends are known as the oldest in centuries and possibly the first sight of written text that humans have encountered. Dating back to the times of traditional oral-based stories, texts such as The Epic of Gilgamesh have given humankind a sense of emergence in the old times of script and literature. The Epic

Animal Testing Should Be Banned - 1843 Words

ANIMAL TESTING What does Colgate, Band-Aid, Tylenol, Kleenex, L’Oreal, Gillette, Ziploc, and Ben Jerry’s have in common? They all are companies that test on animals. Animal testing has been a routine process mainly in the cosmetic industry, among others, around the world since the time of the ancient Greeks. Not only is this practice inhumane, but it is also thought to be ineffective by many researchers and scientists. More than half of the tests that are performed on animals have different reactions on humans, and innocent animals are unnecessarily put through cruel treatment. Animals do not deserve to be used as subjects for research work or product testing. Animals have been tested on repeatedly throughout the history of biomedical research. In ancient times, scientists made use of animals principally to satisfy anatomical curiosity. Early Greek physicians performed experiments on live animals like rats, guinea pigs, and birds. Galen of Pergamum, a Greek physician who practiced in Rome during the Second Century, conducted animal experiments in the areas of anatomy, physiology, pathology, and pharmacology. He is the first to describe the complexities of the cardiopulmonary system, and also speculated on the functions of the brain and spinal cord. An Arab physician of the Twelfth Century, Ibn Zuhr, also known as Avenzoar, tested surgical procedures on animals before applying them to human patients. During the late Middle Ages and Renaissance, there was a rapidShow MoreRelatedShould Animal Testing Be Banned?844 Words   |  3 PagesShould animal testing be banned? Nowadays, a lot of animals has been tested on a range of experiments over the world. You could be supporting animal teasing cruelty without knowing it. Have you ever check if there’s animal testing on the cosmetics before you buy it? Today, a lot of cosmetics has been testing on helpless animals and there are about 1.4 million animals die each year from animal testing ( CatalanoJ, 1994). Most of the experiments that are completed in the laboratories are very cruelRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned880 Words   |  4 Pagesdepending on animals testing. Therefore, if people talk about laboratories, they should remember animal experiments. Those animals have the right to live, according to people who dislike the idea of doing testing on animals; the other opinion, supports the idea of animal testing as the important part of the source of what has reached medicine of the results and solutions for diseases prevalent in every time and place. Each year huge numbers of animals a re sacrificed for the science all these animals, whetherRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned776 Words   |  4 PagesAnimal Testing Should be Banned  ¨Over 100 million animals are burned, crippled, poisioned and abused in US labs every year ¨ ( ¨11 Facts About Animal Testing ¨). Imagine if that was someones animal getting tortured in labs just to test things such as beauty products and perfume. Animal testing was first suggested when,  ¨Charles Darwin evolutionary theory in the mid 1850s also served to suggest that animals could serve as effective models to facilitate biological understanding in humans ¨ (Murnaghan)Read MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Banned940 Words   |  4 Pages1). Over 100 million animals are burned, crippled, poisoned, and abused in US labs every year. 2). 92% of experimental drugs that are safe and effective in animals fail in human clinical trials. (DoSomething â€Å"11 Facts About Animal Testing†). There are currently no laws combating the testing of cosmetics on animals, but the practice is harmful and must be ended. As evidenced by the statistics above, millions of animals are tortured and murdered in the United States every year for virtually no reasonRead MoreShould Animal Testing Be Banned?1665 Words   |  7 PagesTesting Cosmetics on Animals Companies around the world use animals to test cosmetics. Animals, such as rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, rats, and mice, are used to test the effects of chemicals on the eyes and skin. While animal testing is not mandatory, many companies use it. About Cosmetics Animal Testing by the Humane Society International talks about the different options companies have that do not require the cruel use and eventual death of animals. The article also talks about the overallRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Banned1572 Words   |  7 PagesAnimal Testing Every year, over two hundred million innocent animals are injured or killed in scientific experiments across the world. Of those animals, between seventeen and twenty million are used in the United States alone. It is said that an animal dies in a laboratory every three seconds (Animal Testing 101). Those in favor of animal experimentation say they are taking animals’ lives to save humans. It is not necessary to subject animals to torturous conditions or painful experiments in theRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Banned1581 Words   |  7 PagesAnimal testing is being used by different organizations all over the world to prevent specific diseases, especially cancer. Americans see animal testing having a harmful effect but it is one of the main reasons why society has most cures for some illnesses. This topic is important because people need to know what goes on during animal testing and why it is very beneficial. Animal testing needs to be used to find all cures. Some ani mals such as chimps/ monkeys have 90% of the same DNA humans haveRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Banned1721 Words   |  7 Pages † Today, more animals are being used in experiments than ever before: around 100 million in the United States alone† (3). Animal testing is now an international issue, and it is becoming a major story. Currently, animals are often used in medical testing, make-up testing, and other consumer product testing. Animals used in such product testing are often abused and suffer from serious side-effects. Animal testing can be painful for the animals, testing results are usually not even useable forRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned1364 Words   |  6 Pagesbenefit. Using animals for these experimentations usually does not come to mind. Animals are often abused, suffer, and even die during laboratory testing for the benefits of people to make sure medications, household products, newest procedures, and cosmetics are safe and effective for human use. Humans have benefited from animal testing for years while these animals suffer consequences with no positive outcomes for themselves. Even if a product or procedure is deemed successful, these animals are frequentlyRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned Essay1632 Words   |  7 Pages Animal Testing Should Be Banned Throughout the decades, animals have been used in medical research to test the safety of cosmetics including makeup, hair products, soaps, perfume, and countless of other products. Animals have also been used to test antibiotics and other medicines to eliminate any potential risks that they could cause to humans. The number of animals worldwide that are used in laboratory experiments yearly exceeds 115 million animals. Unfortunately, only a small percentage of

Book Review of The Founding Conservatives free essay sample

Prior to the American Revolution, thirteen Colonies were founded. Some colonies were founded based on economics, while others were founded on religious freedom. As time went on the Colonies developed different economies. he New England Colonies had manufacturing industries, such as, shipbuilding; Middle colonies had fur exporting and manufacturing Industries, such as, Iron; Southern Colonies had plantation agriculture. By the eve of the American Revolution, most colonies were royal colonies, under the direct control of the King.According to David Lifer, Of course, many other historical prisms offer insight into the Revolution as well. America was divided by regional differences, western land claims, population sizes, gender, age, and race. All of these divisions should be and have been studied, and the fact this book focuses on one sort of conflict doesnt mean others did not exist (5). Reading this, Im not sure what sort of conflict the author Is referring to. We will write a custom essay sample on Book Review of The Founding Conservatives or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page You need to make the context for the quotation clear. What conflict does Lifer focus on? Prior to the American Revolution, Britains French and Indian War led to war debt.The British Parliament passed taxes on American Colonies to recover debt: the Sugar Act (Bibb Currency Act (1764), Stamp Act (Bibb Quartering Act (1765). Colonists protested and tension between England and America leading to distrust. Then the parliament passed the Townsend Revenue Acts (1767), and sent Brutish troops In Boston (1768), leading to the Boston Massacre (1770). In Boston Harbor, American smugglers destroyed HAMS Gasped (1 772), to which Parliament responded by passing the Molasses Act (1773) and Tea Acts (1773).Colonist further protested with the Boston Tea Party Protest (1770). Again, the British Parliament passed more taxes: Coercive/lamentable Acts (1774). This prompts the American Founders as the First Continental Congress (1774) to meet in Philadelphia to discuss action and pass the Declaration of Rights. England declares American Colonies In rebellion and passes New England Restraining Act (1775). Most people learned that the American Founders were united in an independent effective government. According to David Lifer, in the years following World War II, American historians made a conscious decision to downplay any hint of strife among the Founding The American Founders were In the middle of a war, with economic crisis, radical ideas, and conflict over wealth, civil liberties, banks, and corporations. This was the American Revolution. According to Lifer, the split between left and right remains one of the most important the idea that the founders were Just as politically divided as we are today holds a certain realistic appeal(5).The Founders were split between conservatives and liberals. Traditionally, political liberalism supports federal rights, and environmental, trade, and business programs, and strong regulation. Traditionally, political conservatism supports capitalism, low taxes, and states rights over federal rights, and strong military, but oppose environmental, trade, and business regulation, and social conservatism purport personal responsibility and tradition al Jude-Christian values. Today, people are split between two main political parties, Democrats and Republicans. Modern Democrats are considered to be political and social liberals. Liberalism relates to both political and social liberalism. Todays Democrats generally support pro-choice, LBS. rights, feminism, animal rights, strict gun control, and government run welfare, national healthcare, unemployment benefits, retirement benefits, and oppose regulated immigration, and the death penalty. Modern Republicans, are considered to be politically and socially conservative. Conservatism relates to both political and social conservatism.Todays Republicans generally support pro-life, regulated immigration, the death penalty, but oppose LBS. rights, feminism, animal rights, strict gun control, and government run welfare, unemployment benefits, retirement benefits, and national healthcare. In The Founding Conservatives: How A Group of Unsung Heroes Saved The American Revolution, as the main thesis of the book, David Lifer, states, This book makes three main arguments. First, the founding conservatives saved the American Revolution Second, the founding conservatives brought modern capitalism o America.. .And third, we should no longer look to Britain for the origins of American conservatism (6). Good identification of the books thesis. This book takes a close look at the role of the Founding Conservatives who believed in capitalism, including environmental, trade, and business-free of regulation, strong military, and low taxes. Lifer argues that conservatives, such as, John Dickinson (Pennsylvania-Delaware), James Wilson (Pennsylvania), Sills Deane(Connecticut), Robert Morris (Pennsylvania), John Jay (New York), John Rutledge (South Carolina), James Duane(New York), Robert Livingston(New York), Edward Rutledge(SouthCarolina), Edmund Randolph (Virginia), Carter Brannon (Virginia), and Governed Morris (New York) helped save the American Revolution. Expand here. How did they save the revolution? The author, David Lifer, is a historian and professor at the New York University Polytechnic Institute. Most of the books sources are secondary. The sources include other historians, such as Samuel Eliot Morison, Leonard Labret, David Hackett Fischer, Richard Hovercrafts, Alfred Young, Edward Countryman, Gary Nash, Clinton Roister, Edwin Burrows, and Mike Wallace to convey his argument. For example,Samuel Eliot Morison believed that the Fort Wilson Riot would be the equivalent to would have changed if conservatives were not involved (2). Lifer also, uses primary sources to show what the American Founding conservatives believed in their own words. John Dickinson said, Bribery is so common in England and the colonies (22). As a historian, Lifer uses a variety of sources to back up his argument, but left out any counter-claims. The Founding Conservatives: How A Group of Unsung Heroes Saved the American Revolution is biased, focusing mainly on one founding conservative-John Dickinson and his actions, during the American Revolution. John Dickinson helped draft the Articles of Confederation. Chapter 2: None Shall Make Them Afraid, describes the life of John Dickinson before the American Revolution. As a child, he grew-up on a Delaware plantation and who studied law in England, but as an adult he became interested in public service. Additionally, Chapter 3: The Rise of Radicalism describes the Boston Tea Party. Americans were divided after the Boston Tea Party. John Adams championed the Boston Tea Party, while Benjamin Franklin rejected it.John Dickinson, like many Americans, was outraged by Englands reaction to the Boston Tea Party. While Quakers and rich merchants were uninterested in helping Massachusetts, while poor artisans supported Massachusetts. Radicals looked to Dickinson to help and he agreed (40). Chapter 24, We the People ends with John Dickinson refusing to sign the Declaration of Independence and George Read signing for him (323). Lifer uses John Dickinson as the main conservative that influenced the other conservatives.David Lifers argument that the founding conservatives saved the American Revolution is unconvincing (6). Good analysis of the text. Lifer argues that the American Independence war effort was poor and the radicals wanted a fast independence. David Lifer argues that Philip Schuler (New York) lead to the American Victory in the Battle of Saratoga in New York and John Rutledge (South Carolina), who rallied the army after the British had won in South Carolina. The Battle of Saratoga is seen as the turning point of the American Revolution. The conservatives responded by focusing on the war effort.They stabilized the economy, focused on the economy, and got help from France. Robert Morris (Pennsylvania) financed the American Revolution and Sills Deane (Connecticut) helped America obtain aid from France. Additionally, he argues that Robert Morris (Pennsylvania) wrote most of the Constitution, including We the People (317). Most people learn that the Constitution is mostly a group effort of John Rutledge (South Carolina), Edmund Randolph (Virginia), Nathaniel Gorham (Massachusetts), Oliver Ellsworth (Connecticut), James Wilson (Pennsylvania), William S. Johnson (Connecticut), Alexander Hamilton (New York), James Madison (Virginia), Rufus King (Massachusetts), and Governed Morris (New York) (The National Archives). Yes I would be interested to know how he supports his claims. David Lifers argument that we should no longer look to Britain for the origins of American conservatism is unconvincing (6). Chapter 1, Court and Country, begins absolute power. Parliament rebelled and King Charles I was executed. People considered King Charles I a tyrant not a king, because a king would share power between the people.Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector, wiped out resistance, and later, monarchy was restored under, Charles II (Charles Xis son). King Charles II did not do much for England. Then King James II (Charles Siss brother) came to power and tried to do the same thing as Charles l. William of Orange took over with the Parliaments help and brought capitalism to England. Here is where two parties, Whig (supported republicanism) and Tories (supported the King) fought in Parliament. Eventually, Whig won, but split between Country (radicals) and Court (conservatives).The Court Whig won in Parliament, but although, the Country Whig never won, but they influenced America (19). Lifer does state that most people believe that Edmund Burke did not establish American conservatism, but the American Founding Fathers did years before(130). Lifers argument is invalid, because most of the American Founding Fathers were Whig, and later Patriots. However, American Founding conservatives did, use ideas like separation of church and state, and focused on the everyday citizen, which was different from British conservatism.This is a good point, except if you see figures like Hamilton or Washington as conservatives they tended to focus more on the elite. Lifers argument that the founding conservatives brought modern capitalism to America is convincing(6). Although, William of Orange, the Dutch-English King brought capitalism to England and England brought capitalism to America, American fatalism is different. Lifer means modern capitalism is not only profit making, but banking, corporations, and large-scale industry, and that the conservatives brought that to America.Robert Morris financed the American Revolution and founded the first bank in America. Morris, like most Founding Fathers, believed in independence, because England had denied them property rights. Although, most of David Lifers arguments are void, he did use a great amount of primary and secondary research. However, his book was biased and he mostly focused on John Dickinson. The Founding Conservatives: How A Group of Unsung Heroes Saved the American Revolution does give an in-depth look into different issues surrounding the American Revolution.

Salty Snacks Essay Example

Salty Snacks Essay Question 1: The average levels of duplication as provided in the excel sheet are increasing from left to right of the columns provided in the sheet. The numbers in terms of the purchases made by the consumers increase mainly due to higher preferences for some of products from left to right of the columns. Question 2: The scatter plot indicates that the there is a relatively high number of brands which share a specific market share with other entities. This is an express indication that consumers in this market have a similar reception towards the majority of the brands in the market. However, a specific brand is isolated from the rest in that; its products have a higher level of penetration as well as duplication by the consumers. As provided in the excel sheet, â€Å"Duplication=2 *Penetration† indicates that the level of duplication could be interpreted as two times that of penetration in the market. We will write a custom essay sample on Salty Snacks specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Salty Snacks specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Salty Snacks specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Question 4: Average rate of duplication for all brands in the table is derived as 399/12= 33.25 The average rate of penetration is derived as 172/12 = 14.33 Question 4: Purchase duplication coefficient is derived as = average duplication rate/average rate of penetration. Average duplication rate= 33.25 Average rate of penetration= 14.33 Purchase duplication coefficient = 33.25/14.33= 2.32 Purchase duplication coefficient = 2.32 Question 5: A duplication of 2.3 is similar to what was earlier provided as duplication = 2*penetration. A level of duplication as implied by the term is an indicator of the similarities existent between the various products. Hence, due to such similarities consumers find minimal change in terms of use of one product or the other, as they are equally sufficient in the satisfaction of the wants and needs of the consumers (Colombo, Ehrenberg Sabavala, 31). Brand Name Penetration*( Coefficient value= 2.3)= Expected duplicationsDifference between actual and expected duplication valuesBB Standard48*2.3= 110.478-110.4= -32.4BB Murphys20*2.3=4643-46= -3Eta O’Ryans19*2.3=43.743-43.7= – 0.7Kettle Fries16*2.3=36.837-36.8= 0.2BB Corn Chips14*2.3=32.333-32.3= 0.7BB Twisties12*2.3=27.630-27.6= 2.4Eta Munchos11*2.3=25.328-25.3= 2.7BB Biguns9*2.3=20.729-20.7= 8.3Burger Rings9*2.3=20.727-20.7= 6.3CC’s8*2.3=18.427-18.4= 8.6Sanchos4*2.3=9.218-9.2= 8.8Aztec2*2.3=4.66-4.6= 1.4 Question 6: Similarities in the levels of duplications are an express indication of the presence of profound similarities between products despite their various differentiations (Ratneshwar Shocker, pp. 41). Question 7: The significance of the higher duplication proportions in the extruded among the various brands is an indication of the presence of relatively higher similarities between the groups of products resulting in the constant change by consumers in making the purchases. Additionally, the potato brands seem to have a higher rate of consumption and thus a higher rate of duplication amongst the consumers (Ehrenberg, pp. 26). Question 8: The figure 3.7 provided is a division of the rate of penetration and the rate of duplication. It indicates that the consumers of extruded snacks are 3.7 times more likely to make purchases of extruded snacks than purchase of the corn products. This figure is used to derive the rate at which the products are duplicated given their current levels of penetration in a given market. A figure of 3.7 is relatively high in that it indicates the probability of purchase of other products over others (Lattin McAlister, pp 23). Question 9: Extruded varieties of snacks have higher preference from the consumers and are likely to be picked by the consumers instead of other products. Additionally, the potato snacks have a higher penetration because of their large market share; hence, they would provide larger revenue streams for the organization. Work Cited Colombo, Ehrenberg Sabavala, â€Å"Diversity in analyzing brand-switching tables: The car challenge† Canadian Journal of Marketing Research Vol. 19, (2000).Print. Ehrenberg, Uncles Goodhardt, â€Å"Understanding Brand Performance Measures† Journal of Business Research Vol.57, (2004). Print. Ehrenberg, Andrew â€Å"Repeat Buying – Facts Theory and Applications†, Journal of Empirical Generalizations in Marketing Science Vol. 5, (2000). Print. Lattin McAlister, L. â€Å"Using a variety-seeking model to identify substitute and complementary relationships among competing products†, Journal of Marketing Research Vol. 27, August (1985). Print. Ratneshwar, S. Shocker, A.D. â€Å"Substitution in Use and the Role of Usage Context in Product Category Structures†, Journal of Marketing Research Vol. 28, (August 2001). Print.